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Pattern Guides (Expository Texts)
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Upper elementary and above

  • Comprehension

  • Help students get a sense of how expository material is organized, thus aiding in their comprehension

  • Set purpose for reading

  • Study skills

Strategy Steps: Part I

  • Give the students a time line.

  • Tell them that using the time line will help them see the sequence of events.

  • Students read the chapter and fill in the events on the time line. Page numbers may be given for additional help.

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  • Comparison Charts (pattern guides for science-compare/contrast organization)

  • Give the students a compare/contrast chart like the one below and ask them to fill it out as they read the chapter.

    • After the students have read and completed the chart, the teacher leads a discussion using questions such as:

      • Which state has the highest temperatures?

      • Which state has the lowest temperatures?

      • In which state would you expect to find desert areas? Why?

      • Tell how the climates of these states are similar.

      • Tell how they are different. Why?

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Strategy Steps: Part II

  • Cause-and-Effect Charts (pattern guides to identify consequences for events and to identify events that precipitated consequences)

    • As the students read a chapter, they look for the cause-and-effect relationships listed in the following chart.

    • Their assignment is to complete the cause-and-effect statements by filling in the blanks with the appropriate information.

  • After reading the chapter, the teacher and students discuss the responses on their charts.

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